Chosefera cha kandulo chikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi pa mzere wozungulira wa filament, chidzatsekedwa ndi dothi, ndipo kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa cholowera ndi kutulutsa kwa makina osefera a polima kumawonjezeka, ndipo fyuluta yamakandulo iyi iyenera ziyeretsedwe zisanagwiritsidwenso ntchito.Kuyeretsa makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito thupi ndi mankhwala njira calcine, kupasuka, oxidize kapena hydrolyze ndi kutsatira polima pa kutentha, ndiyeno kuchita kutsuka madzi, alkali (asidi) kutsuka ndi akupanga kuyeretsa.
Njira zoyeretsera zikuphatikizapo: njira yowerengera, kusamba mchere, njira ya tri-ethylene glycol, njira yotentha kwambiri ya hydrolysis, njira ya alumina fluidized bed, ndi njira yoyeretsera vacuum.Pakalipano, njira zoyeretsera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi njira ya tri-ethylene glycol, njira yotentha kwambiri ya hydrolysis, ndi njira yoyeretsera vacuum.
Njira ya tri-ethylene glycol ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo yakuti polima ikhoza kusungunuka ndi tri-ethylene glycol pa malo otentha a tri-ethylene glycol (285 ° C pa kuthamanga kwabwino) kuti akwaniritse cholinga choyeretsa.Njira yoyeretsera ndikuyika chinthucho kuti chitsukidwe mu tanki ya tri-ethylene glycol yokhala ndi makina otenthetsera, kukweza kuchokera kutentha mpaka pafupifupi 265 ° C, kutentha kwa maola 6, kenako kuziziritsa mpaka 100 ° C. mwachibadwa, chotsani chinthu chotsukidwa, ndikuchiyika mu Sambani mu thanki yamadzi otentha pafupifupi 95 ° C kwa mphindi pafupifupi 20, kenako chilowerereni mu 10% NaOH yankho pa kutentha kwa 60-70 ° C kwa. 12 hours, ndiyeno kusamba ndi madzi otentha.Ngati ndi spinneret ndi kusungunula fyuluta chinthu, akupanga kuyeretsa chofunika.Malo oyeretsera ndi madzi oyera pa kutentha kwa 60-70 ° C.Nthawi yoyeretsa ndi mphindi 15-20 ndipo pamapeto pake imawombedwa ndi mpweya wothinikizidwa.
The mkulu kutentha hydrolysis njira ndi ntchito polima kuti mosavuta hydrolyzed ndi zamchere hydrolyzed pa kutentha kwambiri kupanga otsika-maselo zinthu, kuti akwaniritse cholinga kuchotsedwa.Ndiko kuyika chinthucho kuti chitsukidwe mu autoclave, kudyetsa nthunzi ya 0.3-0.6MPa, kutentha ndi pafupifupi 130-160 ° C, ndipo nthawi ndi maola 2-8.Mu autoclave, ngati NaOH yocheperako ikuwonjezeredwa, nthawi yoyeretsa ikhoza kufupikitsidwa, ndiyeno kutsuka madzi, kutsuka kwa alkali, ndi kuyeretsa kwa ultrasonic kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Njira yoyeretsera vacuum imatchedwanso vacuum pyrolysis.Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndiyoyamba kukweza kutentha kwa 300 ° C ndikusunga kutentha kwa nthawi inayake kuti asungunuke poliyesitala kapena ma polima ena apamwamba pa ntchito yokonza, ndipo zinthu zosungunuka zimatuluka ndikutulutsidwa.Kenaka tenthetsani, pafupifupi 350 ° C, poliyesitala yotsalirayo imayamba kuwola, panthawiyi, yatsani pampu yovumbulutsira kuti ichoke, kutentha mpaka pafupifupi 500 ° C, ndi kutentha.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mpweya wochepa umayambitsidwa kuti ukhale ndi oxidize zotsalira.Mu vakuyumu boma, ndi matenthedwe kuwonongeka ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni kuwonongeka kwa yotsalira poliyesitala ndi mofulumira, ndi kwaiye mpweya ndi phulusa particles anayamwa kutali kukwaniritsa cholinga kuyeretsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-01-2023